Hiatal Hernia and GERD

GERD, or gastroesophageal reflux disease, is characterized as acid reflux or heartburn that occurs two or more times per week. There are a number of possible causes for GERD, including a hiatal hernia.

What is a hiatal hernia?
Normally, the esophagus passes through a small opening in the diaphragm know as a hiatus. The esophagus connects to the stomach in the abdominal cavity beneath the diaphragm. When a hiatal hernia occurs, a portion of the stomach is pushed up through the opening in the diaphragm. The connection between the esophagus and the stomach may also be pushed up through the opening, or it may remain below the diaphragm with the herniated portion of the stomach lying beside the esophagus above the diaphragm.

How does a hiatal hernia contribute to GERD?
A small hiatal hernia may not trigger acid reflux. However, a larger hernia may force stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus from the stomach. If a hiatal hernia causes acid reflux, you may notice a sour taste in your mouth as well as heartburn that is made worse by bending over or lying down. You may also have difficulty swallowing, or experience coughing or wheezing.

A hiatal hernia can be treated with surgery. Contact your doctor if you have heartburn or acid reflux that occurs two or more times a week. You should also contact your doctor if you experience chest pain, especially if it’s accompanied by shortness of breath, arm pain, or jaw pain.